Table of contents

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1.1 Origin and Goals

1.2 Terminology

1.3 Rationale and list of changes for XML 1.1

2.1 Well-Formed XML Documents

2.2 Characters

2.3 Common Syntactic Constructs

2.4 Character Data and Markup

2.5 Comments

2.6 Processing Instructions

2.7 CDATA Sections

2.8 Prolog and Document Type Declaration

2.9 Standalone Document Declaration

2.10 White Space Handling

2.11 End-of-Line Handling

2.12 Language Identification

2.13 Normalization Checking

3 Logical Structures

3.1 Start-Tags, End-Tags, and Empty-Element Tags

3.2 Element Type Declarations

3.2.1 Element Content

3.2.2 Mixed Content

3.3 Attribute-List Declarations

3.3.1 Attribute Types

3.3.2 Attribute Defaults

3.3.3 Attribute-Value Normalization

3.4 Conditional Sections

4 Physical Structures

4.1 Character and Entity References

4.2 Entity Declarations

4.2.1 Internal Entities

4.2.2 External Entities

4.3 Parsed Entities

4.3.1 The Text Declaration

4.3.2 Well-Formed Parsed Entities

4.3.3 Character Encoding in Entities

4.3.4 Version Information in Entities

4.4 XML Processor Treatment of Entities and References

4.4.1 Not Recognized

4.4.2 Included

4.4.3 Included If Validating

4.4.4 Forbidden

4.4.5 Included in Literal

4.4.6 Notify

4.4.7 Bypassed

4.4.8 Included as PE

4.4.9 Error

4.5 Construction of Entity Replacement Text

4.6 Predefined Entities

4.7 Notation Declarations

4.8 Document Entity

5.1 Validating and Non-Validating Processors

5.2 Using XML Processors

Appendices

A.1 Normative References

A.2 Other References

B Definitions for Character Normalization

C Expansion of Entity and Character References

D Deterministic Content Models

E Autodetection of Character Encodings

E.1 Detection Without External Encoding Information

E.2 Priorities in the Presence of External Encoding Information

F W3C XML Working Group

G W3C XML Core Working Group

H Production Notes

I Suggestions for XML Names

F W3C XML Working Group

W3C XML Working Group

This specification was prepared and approved for publication by the W3C XML Working Group (WG). WG approval of this specification does not necessarily imply that all WG participants voted for its approval. The current and former members in the XML WG are:

Jon Bosak, Sun (Chair); James Clark (Technical Lead); Tim Bray, Textuality and Netscape (XML Co-editor); Jean Paoli, Microsoft (XML Co-editor); C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, U. of Ill. (XML Co-editor); Dan Connolly, W3C (W3C Liaison); Paula Angerstein, Texcel; Steve DeRose, INSO; Dave Hollander, HP; Eliot Kimber, ISOGEN; Eve Maler, ArborText; Tom Magliery, NCSA; Murray Maloney, SoftQuad, Grif SA, Muzmo and Veo Systems; MURATA Makoto (FAMILY Given), Fuji Xerox Information Systems; Joel Nava, Adobe; Conleth O'Connell, Vignette; Peter Sharpe, SoftQuad; John Tigue, DataChannel

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