you don't appear to have changed the code at all in response to teh
previous comments.


you have (as before)

    <xsl:template match="r1">
<xsl:if test="child::a">
<xsl:apply-templates select="a" mode="t"/>
</xsl:if>

The xsl:if here soes nothing at all this is equivalent to

    <xsl:template match="r1">
<xsl:apply-templates select="a" mode="t"/>


and by specifying select="a" you are selecting all the a elements
to be processed first, before any other elements. You do not want that,
so select all children, not just a ones, then they will be processed in
the natural order.

<xsl:template match="r1">
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:template>

then have templates for a and test that do the right thing

<xsl:template match="a">
<fo:block><xsl:number/>: <xsl:apply-templates/></fo:block>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="text">
<fo:block><xsl:apply-templates/></fo:block>
</xsl:template>

which is exactly Michael's suggestion in the message that you quoted.

David