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Re: Generating New Knowledge by Deductive Reasoning usingSchem

• From: rjelliffe <rjelliffe@allette.com.au>
• To: <stephengreenubl@gmail.com>
• Date: Sun, 21 Nov 2010 22:45:54 +1100

 On Fri, 19 Nov 2010 14:56:35 +0000, Stephen Green 
 <stephengreenubl@gmail.com> wrote:
> A very nice example, Roger. Maybe what would make it look more
> useful would be to demonstrate how to chain the deductions so that
> the deductions can themselves add to the 'knowledge' and further
> deductions be made based on those initial deductions. This might then
> provide an improved parallel methodology to the more typical OWL
> or RDF knowledge-base / triple-store / inference-engine approach.
>

 Just use the <sch:let> expressions more. You can have arbitrarily long 
 chains of deductions, and pull all the logic out of the assert or report 
 tests.

 <sch:let name="speeder-driversLicenseNumber" value="."/>

 <sch:let name="GunLicense"
 value="for $i in 
 collection('GunLicenseFolder?select=*.xml;recurse=yes;on-error=ignore')
 return $i/GunLicense[.//Person/driversLicenseNumber eq 
 $speeder-driversLicenseNumber]"/>

 <sch:let name="matching-drivers-license" 
 value="$speeder-driversLicenseNumber eq
 $GunLicense//Person/driversLicenseNumber" />

 <sch:let name="matching-gun" 
 value="$GunLicense/registeredGun/Gun/serial eq
 doc('Robbery.xml')/RobberyEvent/evidence/Gun/serial" />

 <sch:let name="has-gun-license"  value="count($GunLicense) eq 1"/>

 <sch:let name="only-person-licensed"  value="count($GunLicense//Person) 
 eq 1" />

 <sch:let name="is-bad-guy"  value="$matching-drivers-license and 
 $matching-gun and $has-gun-license and $only-person-licensed" />

 <sch:let name="is-our-bad-guy"  value="parent::Person/child::name = 
 document('licensed-to-kill.xml')/agents/agent/name "/>

 <sch:report test="$is-bad-guy  and not( $is-our-bad-guy)" >
 Therefore, <sch:value-of select="parent::Person/child::name"/> is the 
 Robber.
 </sch:report>


 So you can add extra deductions on the same subject.  (The let 
 expressions are scoped to schema, pattern, or rules, but I don't know 
 that this is a disadvantage.)

 Another way to approach this is neural net fashion: you have one 
 Schematron schema generating individual deductions, then subsequent 
 schemas as layers generating deductions based on the results of layer 
 before (eg the SVRL output.)  (Schematron supports an attribute "flag" 
 to help declare the found properties of a pattern/rule/assertion too 
 (such as "incomplete data" or "security risk found".)  You can 
 physically combine the patterns for the different layers into the same 
 text file using the phases mechanism, if appropriate too. (Of course, 
 command-line parameterization has been available for the last decade 
 with Schematron, however a WWW technology may be more interested in 
 configuration from XML documents at some URLs rather than just command 
 line arguments.)

 By the way, there has been a version of Schematron that operated on RDF 
 not XML: Schemarama used the Squish query language. However, I imagine 
 that there are a lot of research tools available for RDF.

 Cheers
 Rick Jelliffe

• References:
  • Generating New Knowledge by Deductive Reasoning using Schematron
    • From: "Costello, Roger L." <costello@mitre.org>
  • Re: Generating New Knowledge by Deductive Reasoning using Schematron
    • From: Stephen Green <stephengreenubl@gmail.com>